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9.4.1 C and C++
Since C and C++ are so closely related, many features of GDB apply to both languages.
Whenever this is the case, we discuss those languages together.
The C++ debugging facilities are jointly implemented by the C++ compiler and GDB.
Therefore, to debug your C++ code effectively, you must compile your C++ programs
with a supported C++ compiler, such as GNU g++, or the HP ANSI C++ compiler (aCC).
For best results when using GNU C++, use the stabs debugging format. You can select
that format explicitly with the g++ command-line options '-gstabs' or '-gstabs+'.
Refer to section “Options for Debugging Your Program or GNU CC” in Using GNU
CC, for more information.
9.4.1.1 C and C++ operators
Operators must be defined on values of specific types. For instance, + is defined on
numbers, but not on structures. Operators are often defined on groups of types.
For the purposes of C and C++, the following definitions hold:
• Integral types include int with any of its storage-class specifiers; char; enum; and,
for C++, bool.
• Floating-point types include float, double, and long double (if supported by
the target platform).
• Pointer types include all types defined as (type *).
• Scalar types include all of the above.
The following operators are supported. They are listed here in order of increasing
precedence:
,
The comma or sequencing operator. Expressions in a
comma-separated list are evaluated from left to right, with the
result of the entire expression being the last expression evaluated.
=
Assignment. The value of an assignment expression is the value
assigned. Defined on scalar types.
op=
Used in an expression of the form a op= b, and translated to a = a
op b. op= and = have the same precedence. op is any one of the
operators |, ^, &, <<, >>, +, -, *, /, %.
?:
The ternary operator. a ? b : c can be thought of as: if a then b else
c. a should be of an integral type.
||
Logical OR. Defined on integral types.
&&
Logical AND. Defined on integral types.
|
Bitwise OR. Defined on integral types.
^
Bitwise exclusive-OR. Defined on integral types.
&
Bitwise AND. Defined on integral types.
106 Using GDB with Different Languages
- Debugging with GDB Manual 1
- Table of Contents 3
- 4 Table of Contents 4
- Table of Contents 5 5
- 6 Table of Contents 6
- Table of Contents 7 7
- 8 Table of Contents 8
- Table of Contents 9 9
- 10 Table of Contents 10
- Table of Contents 11 11
- 12 Table of Contents 12
- List of Tables 13
- List of Examples 14
- Summary of GDB 15
- Contributors to GDB 17 17
- 1 A Sample GDB Session 19
- 1.2 Setting Display width 20
- 1.3 Setting Breakpoints 20
- 1.7 Examining the Stack 21
- 1.8 Printing Variable Values 21
- 1.9 Listing Source Code 22
- 2 Getting In and Out of GDB 25
- 2.1.1 Choosing files 26
- 2.1.2 Choosing modes 27
- Program exited normally 28
- 2.1 Invoking GDB 29 29
- 2.2 Quitting GDB 30
- 2.3 Shell commands 31
- 3 GDB Commands 33
- 34 GDB Commands 34
- 3.3 Getting help 35
- 36 GDB Commands 36
- 3.3 Getting help 37 37
- 4 Running Programs Under GDB 39
- 40 Running Programs Under GDB 40
- 4.3 Arguments To Your Program 41
- 4.4 Program Environment 41
- 42 Running Programs Under GDB 42
- 4.5 Working directory 43
- 4.6 Program Input and Output 43
- 44 Running Programs Under GDB 44
- 4.8 Killing the child process 45
- ((gdb)) info threads 46
- ((gdb)) thread 1 46
- 48 Running Programs Under GDB 48
- 50 Running Programs Under GDB 50
- 5 Stopping and Continuing 51
- 5.1.1 Setting breakpoints 52
- 5.1 Breakpoints 53 53
- 54 Stopping and Continuing 54
- 5.1 Breakpoints 55 55
- 5.1.2 Setting catchpoints 56
- 5.1 Breakpoints 57 57
- 5.1.3 Deleting breakpoints 58
- 5.1.4 Disabling breakpoints 58
- 5.1.5 Break conditions 59
- 60 Stopping and Continuing 60
- 5.1 Breakpoints 61 61
- 5.1.7 Breakpoint menus 62
- 5.1 Breakpoints 63 63
- 5.2 Continuing and stepping 64
- ((gdb)) f 66
- 206 expand_input(); 66
- ((gdb)) until 66
- 5.3 Signals 67
- 68 Stopping and Continuing 68
- 70 Stopping and Continuing 70
- 6 Examining the Stack 71
- 6.2 Stacks Without frames 72
- 6.4 Backtraces 72
- 6.5 Selecting a frame 73
- 6.6 Information about a frame 74
- 7 Examining Source Files 77
- 7.2 Searching source files 78
- 7.4 Source and machine code 80
- 8 Examining Data 83
- 8.2 Program variables 84
- 8.3 Artificial arrays 85
- 8.4 Output formats 86
- 8.5 Examining memory 87
- 88 Examining Data 88
- 8.6 Automatic display 89
- 8.7 Print settings 90
- ((gdb)) set print addr off 91
- 530 if (lquote != def_lquote) 91
- 92 Examining Data 92
- 8.7 Print settings 93 93
- 94 Examining Data 94
- 8.8 Value history 95
- 8.9 Convenience variables 96
- 8.9 Convenience variables 97 97
- 8.10 Registers 98
- 8.12 Floating point hardware 99
- 9.2 Displaying the language 103
- 9.3 Type and range checking 103
- 9.4 Supported languages 105
- 9.4.1 C and C++ 106
- 9.4 Supported languages 107 107
- 9.4 Supported languages 109 109
- 9.4 Supported languages 111 111
- 9.4.2 Fortran 112
- 9.4 Supported languages 113 113
- 10 Examining the Symbol Table 115
- {<no data fields>} 118
- 11 Altering Execution 119
- 120 Altering Execution 120
- 11.6 Patching programs 122
- 11.6 Patching programs 123 123
- 12 GDB Files 125
- 126 GDB Files 126
- 128 GDB Files 128
- 130 GDB Files 130
- 132 GDB Files 132
- 13.1 Active targets 133
- 14.2 HP-UX dependencies 140
- 14.2 HP-UX dependencies 141 141
- 14.4 HP-UX targets 143
- 14.7.3 Using Fix and Continue 147
- 14.8 Inline Support 150
- 14.8 Inline Support 151 151
- /opt/aCC/bin/aCC -g test.c 152
- (gdb) set inline-debug on 152
- $ gdb --inline = on 152
- 14.9 Debugging Macros 153
- 14.9 Debugging Macros 155 155
- <arguments if any> 170
- 14.10.10 Heap Profiling 178
- (gdb) set heap-check on 179
- (gdb) b myfunction 179
- (gdb) thread disable 1 181
- (gdb) thread enable 1 181
- Enabling thread 1 181
- Set BATCH_RTC=on 191
- 14.12 Debugging MPI Programs 194
- 0x61, 0x61, 0x61, 0x61 199
- 14.15 Debugging Core Files 200
- (gdb) i ep 4 10 204
- Sample Program: 205
- Sample Debugging Session: 205
- 14.21.1 Deferred watchpoints 208
- 14.21.2 Hardware watchpoints 208
- 14.21.3 Hardware breakpoints 208
- (gdb) break :: 209
- (gdb) b main 210
- 14.22.3 Using catch load 211
- (gdb) set mapshared on 212
- (gdb) set mapshared off 212
- /usr/lib/hpux32/dld.so 213
- 14.25 Language support 217
- (gdb) help java 218
- Java VM Debugging Commands 219
- Java subcommands 219
- 14.25 Language support 221 221
- 14.30 Debugging with ARIES 230
- /opt/langtools/bin/vdb 233
- /opt/langtools/bin/vdb -tui 233
- HPterm*foreground: white 235
- 14.31.5 Using the TUI mode 236
- 14.31.8 Loading source files 237
- 14.31.9 Editing source files 237
- 14.32 Support for ddd 238
- 14.37 Linux support 241
- 15.1 Starting the TUI 243
- 15.3 Screen Layouts 244
- 15.3.1 Source pane 245
- 15.3.2 Disassembly pane 245
- 15.3.5 Source/Register pane 247
- 15.5 Changing pane focus 248
- 15.6 Scrolling panes 250
- 15.8 Changing the pane size 251
- 16.1.1 Invocation commands 254
- 16.1.2 Window mode commands 254
- 16.1.3 File viewing commands 255
- 16.1.6 Stack viewing commands 258
- 16.1.7 Status-viewing command 259
- 16.1.8 Job control commands 259
- XDB: p expr\fmt 266
- GDB: p/fmt expr 266
- Table 16-19 Special variables 269
- 16.8.1 A 270
- 16.8.2 B 271
- 16.8.3 C through D 272
- 16.8.4 F through K 273
- 16.8.5 L 273
- 16.8.6 M through P 274
- 16.8.7 Q through S 275
- 16.8.8 T 275
- 16.8.9 U through Z 276
- 16.8.10 Symbols 277
- 17 Controlling GDB 281
- 282 Controlling GDB 282
- 17.5 Supported Number Formats 283
- ((gdb)) run 284
- 286 Controlling GDB 286
- 18.1 User-defined commands 287
- 18.3 Command files 289
- 19 Using GDB under gnu Emacs 293
- 294 Using GDB under gnu Emacs 294
- 20 GDB Annotations 297
- 20.3 Values 298
- 20.4 Frames 299
- 300 GDB Annotations 300
- 20.5 Displays 301
- 20.6 Annotation for GDB input 301
- 20.7 Errors 302
- 20.9 Invalidation notices 303
- 20.10 Running the program 303
- 20.11 Displaying source 304
- 21 The GDB/MI Interface 307
- 21.1.2 GDB/MI Output syntax 308
- 310 The GDB/MI Interface 310
- 21.3 GDB/MI output records 311
- -command args 312
- -break-after number count 312
- The -break-condition command 313
- Synopsis 313
- GDB command 313
- 314 The GDB/MI Interface 314
- [ -p thread ] [ line 316
- The -break-list command 317
- The -break-watch command 318
- 21.6 GDB/MI Data manipulation 320
- The -data-read-memory command 325
- -display-enable number 328
- -display-insert expression 328
- -display-list 328
- -environment-cd pathdir 328
- 21.7 GDB/MI program control 330
- -exec-abort 331
- -exec-arguments args 331
- -exec-continue 331
- -exec-return 334
- -exec-run 334
- -exec-show-arguments 335
- -exec-step 335
- -exec-step-instruction 336
- -exec-until [ location ] 336
- 338 The GDB/MI Interface 338
- 340 The GDB/MI Interface 340
- -symbol-info-address symbol 346
- -symbol-info-file 346
- -symbol-info-function 346
- -symbol-info-line 347
- -symbol-info-symbol addr 347
- -symbol-list-functions 347
- -symbol-list-types 347
- -symbol-list-variables 348
- -symbol-locate 348
- -symbol-type variable 348
- -target-attach pid 349
- -target-detach 349
- The -target-download command 350
- -target-list-current-targets 352
- -target-list-parameters 352
- 21.12 GDB/MI thread commands 353
- 354 The GDB/MI Interface 354
- 21.14 GDB/MI variable objects 355
- The -var-create command 356
- 358 The GDB/MI Interface 358
- The -var-assign command 359
- The -var-update command 359
- 22 Reporting Bugs in GDB 361
- 362 Reporting Bugs in GDB 362
- 22.2 How to report bugs 363 363
- A Installing GDB 365
- 366 Installing GDB 366
- A.3 configure options 368
- A.3 configure options 369 369
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Disc Select
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Presets
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