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25Understanding Veritas Volume Manager
How VxVM handles storage management
In High Availability (HA) configurations, redundant-loop access to storage can
be implemented by connecting independent controllers on the host to separate
hubs with independent paths to the enclosures as shown in Figure 1-4.
Figure 1-4 Example HA configuration using multiple hubs or switches to
provide redundant loop access
Such a configuration protects against the failure of one of the host controllers
(c1 and c2), or of the cable between the host and one of the hubs. In this
example, each disk is known by the same name to VxVM for all of the paths over
which it can be accessed. For example, the disk device enc0_0 represents a
single disk for which two different paths are known, such as c1t99d0 and
c2t99d0.
Note: The native multipathing feature of HP-UX 11i v3 similarly maps the
various physical paths to a disk, and presents these as a single persistent device
with a name of the form disk##. However, this mechanism is independent of that
used by VxVM. For instructions on administering native multipathing with
Base-VxVM and VxVM-Full, please consult the Release Notes for VxVM 5.0 on
11i v3.
To take account of fault domains when configuring data redundancy, you can
control how mirrored volumes are laid out across enclosures as described in
“Mirroring across targets, controllers or enclosures” on page 255.
c2c1
Host
Fibre Channel
hubs or switches
Disk enclosures
enc0 enc1 enc2
- Veritas Volume Manager 5.0 1
- Administrator’s Guide 1
- Legal Notices 2
- Contents 4
- 6 Contents 5
- 7Contents 6
- 8 Contents 7
- Chapter 7 Creating volumes 8
- 10 Contents 9
- 11Contents 10
- 12 Contents 11
- 13Contents 12
- Chapter 14 Administering 13
- Appendix A Commands summary 14
- Glossary 521 15
- Index 531 15
- Understanding Veritas 16
- Volume Manager 16
- VxVM and the operating system 18
- Disk arrays 20
- Multipathed disk arrays 21
- Device discovery 21
- Enclosure-based naming 22
- Virtual objects 25
- Disk groups 27
- VM disks 27
- Subdisks 28
- Volume layouts in VxVM 33
- Layout methods 34
- Concatenation and spanning 34
- Striping (RAID-0) 37
- Mirroring (RAID-1) 41
- RAID-5 (striping with parity) 44
- Left-symmetric layout 47
- RAID-5 logging 49
- Layered volumes 50
- Online relayout 53
- Volume resynchronization 58
- Dirty region logging 59
- Log subdisks and plexes 60
- Sequential DRL 60
- Data volume configuration 61
- Volume snapshots 62
- FastResync 65
- FastResync enhancements 66
- Non-persistent FastResync 66
- Persistent FastResync 67
- DCO volume versioning 67
- Version 0 DCO volume layout 68
- Version 20 DCO volume layout 68
- FastResync limitations 73
- Hot-relocation 74
- Volume sets 74
- Administering disks 76
- Disk device naming in VxVM 77
- 80 Administering disks 79
- Disk devices 79
- Partial device discovery 81
- Disk categories 82
- 84 Administering disks 83
- # swinstall -s /cdrom vrtsda 83
- # vxdctl enable 83
- # swremove vrtsda 83
- Listing excluded disk arrays 85
- SNO length 87
- 90 Administering disks 89
- Adding a disk to VxVM 96
- Reinitializing a disk 100
- Rootability 101
- Root disk mirrors 102
- Booting root volumes 103
- Dynamic LUN expansion 107
- 109Administering disks 108
- Removing disks 109
- Removing a disk with subdisks 110
- Removing and replacing disks 111
- Enabling a disk 116
- Taking a disk offline 117
- Renaming a disk 118
- Reserving disks 118
- Displaying disk information 119
- Controlling Powerfail Timeout 121
- Enabling or disabling PFTO 122
- 124 Administering disks 123
- Administering dynamic 124
- How DMP works 125
- How DMP monitors I/O on paths 127
- Load balancing 128
- ■ active 145
- ■ nomanual 145
- ■ nopreferred 145
- ■ preferred [priority=N] 145
- Displaying the I/O policy 146
- Specifying the I/O policy 146
- ■ adaptive 147
- ■ adaptiveminq 147
- ■ minimumq 149
- ■ priority 149
- ■ round-robin 149
- ■ singleactive 149
- Renaming an enclosure 154
- ■ check_all 159
- ■ check_alternate 159
- ■ check_disabled 159
- ■ check_periodic 159
- Creating and 164
- /dev/vx/dsk/mktdg/mktvol 166
- Creating a disk group 169
- Adding a disk to a disk group 170
- Deporting a disk group 172
- Importing a disk group 173
- Writing a new UDID to a disk 175
- Renaming a disk group 182
- 774226267.1025.tweety 183
- Source disk group 196
- Target disk group 197
- Splitting disk groups 204
- Joining disk groups 205
- Disabling a disk group 206
- Destroying a disk group 207
- Upgrading a disk group 207
- Moving subdisks 216
- Splitting subdisks 216
- Joining subdisks 217
- Associating log subdisks 219
- Removing subdisks 220
- Changing subdisk attributes 220
- Creating a striped plex 223
- Displaying plex information 223
- ACTIVE plex state 224
- CLEAN plex state 224
- DCOSNP plex state 224
- SNAPTMP plex state 226
- STALE plex state 226
- TEMP plex state 226
- TEMPRM plex state 226
- Plex condition flags 227
- Plex kernel states 228
- Taking plexes offline 229
- Detaching plexes 230
- Reattaching plexes 230
- Moving plexes 231
- Copying volumes to plexes 232
- Changing plex attributes 233
- Creating volumes 234
- Types of volume layouts 235
- Creating a volume 237
- Using vxassist 238
- Creating a volume on any disk 242
- 247Creating volumes 246
- 248 Creating volumes 247
- Creating a mirrored volume 248
- 250 Creating volumes 249
- Creating a striped volume 252
- Creating a RAID-5 volume 255
- Creating tagged volumes 256
- Accessing a volume 261
- Administering volumes 262
- Volume states 264
- /CLEAN flag). If the 265
- Specifying task tags 266
- Managing tasks with vxtask 267
- Using the vxtask command 268
- Stopping a volume 269
- Starting a volume 270
- Adding a mirror to a volume 270
- Mirroring all volumes 271
- Removing a mirror 272
- 274 Administering volumes 273
- # vxplex -g mydg dis vol01-02 273
- Disabling and re-enabling DRL 277
- 279Administering volumes 278
- Adding a RAID-5 log 282
- Resizing a volume 283
- Extending to a given length 285
- Extending by a given length 285
- Resizing volumes using vxvol 286
- Setting tags on volumes 287
- Removing a volume 289
- Moving volumes from a VM disk 289
- Disabling FastResync 292
- Performing online relayout 293
- Tagging a relayout operation 297
- 301Administering volumes 300
- 302 Administering volumes 301
- Administering volume 302
- Full-sized instant snapshots 306
- Cascaded snapshots 311
- Creating multiple snapshots 316
- Creating instant snapshots 318
- Removing a snapshot mirror 335
- Removing an instant snapshot 340
- Growing and shrinking a cache 346
- Removing a cache 346
- Reattaching a snapshot volume 351
- Creating a volume set 361
- Configuring off-host 368
- on the volume. The 372
- Implementing decision support 373
- Administering 378
- How hot-relocation works 379
- Spare Disk 381
- # vxdg [-g diskgroup] spare 385
- Make a disk available for 388
- you can choose to 390
- Global detach policy 404
- Local detach policy 405
- Disk group failure policy 406
- Cluster reconfiguration 409
- Reason Description 411
- Volume reconfiguration 412
- ■ cluster ID 413
- ■ node IDs 413
- ■ master node ID 413
- ■ role of the node 413
- Node shutdown 415
- Node abort 416
- Cluster shutdown 416
- Import lock 417
- Failover 417
- Listing shared disk groups 420
- Creating a shared disk group 421
- Site A Site B 431
- Disk Group 431
- Volume V 431
- Command Description 437
- Automatic site reattachment 439
- Recovery from host failure 441
- Recovery from storage failure 441
- Recovery from site failure 442
- Using Storage Expert 444
- How Storage Expert works 445
- Before using Storage Expert 445
- Running Storage Expert 445
- Discovering what a rule does 446
- Running a rule 446
- Rule result types 447
- Setting rule attributes 447
- Recovery time 448
- Disk striping 452
- Hardware failures 453
- System name 453
- 455Using Storage Expert 454
- Rule Attribute Default 457
- Description 457
- 462 Using Storage Expert 461
- Performance monitoring 462
- Striping 463
- Mirroring 463
- Performance guidelines 464
- Volume read policies 465
- Tracing volume operations 467
- Printing volume statistics 467
- Using performance data 468
- Tuning VxVM 471
- Tunable parameters 474
- Commands summary 486
- Table A-2 Administering disks 488
- Table A-6 Creating volumes 497
- Online manual pages 506
- Name Description 507
- Section 4 — file formats 509
- Configuring Veritas 510
- Adding foreign devices 511
- Adding disks to disk groups 511
- Mirroring guidelines 513
- Striping guidelines 514
- RAID-5 guidelines 515
- Hot-relocation guidelines 515
- Configuring cluster support 517
- Reconfiguration tasks 519
- Glossary 520
- /dev/vx/dsk 529
- 532 Index 531
- 533Index 532
- 534 Index 533
- 535Index 534
- 536 Index 535
- 537Index 536
- 538 Index 537
- 539Index 538
- 540 Index 539
- 541Index 540
- 542 Index 541
- 543Index 542
- 544 Index 543
- 545Index 544
- 546 Index 545
- 547Index 546
- 548 Index 547
- 549Index 548
- 550 Index 549
- 551Index 550
- 552 Index 551
- 553Index 552
- 554 Index 553
- 555Index 554
- 556 Index 555
- 557Index 556
- 558 Index 557
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