HP AdvanceStack Router 230 Bedienungsanleitung

User’s GuideCommands and ProceduresHP AdvanceStack Routers

1Overview of Initializing and VerifyingRouter Software

General NCL Command SummaryThis section lists the NCL commands for general router management,together with their syntax and functions. Later sections

Command Function! [repetitions] Repeats the preceeding NCL command once or a number oftimesatping X.X [wait] Send an AppleTalk Echo Protocol request t

Command Functionstamp Display software version information.stats Invoke the Statistics Screens menu without leaving NCL.summary Display the Quick Conf

How To Use Telnet To Establish aVirtual Terminal Connection to aRemote NodeTelnet uses the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to enable you touse the

How To Enable TelnetYou can enable Telnet in either of the following ways:In the Quick Configuration screen, set the ‘‘Telnet enabled’’parameter to ‘‘

How To Disconnect Telnet Access to Another HP RouterTo disconnect from a remote HP router, return to the Main menu in theremote router and select “Log

Accessing the ManagementInformation BaseThe router’s management information base (MIB) is the repository of allvariables gathered and used by the rout

slot number depends on which slot contains the desired MIB activityinformation.Managed Objects“Managed objects”, such as ‘‘buf’’ describe varioius res

Managed Objects TableManaged Object NameExterior Gateway Protocol egpHardware (uses slot #) hwHP network management hpnmIP router ipIP (Internet) sta

The levels within a MIB branch that lead to a single variable form apathname that is used by the following three commands to access thevariable:Comman

Note This chapter provides an overview of getting started with a router. Foractual operating instructions, refer to chapters 2 through 8.After a route

How To Use the List CommandUse the List command to discover and display all or any part of thestructure of the router’s management information base (M

list buf Lists the next intermediate-level managed object ([1]), with its code (1).list buf.1 Lists the next intermediate-level managed objects below

Using Codes To Specify Path NamesYou can use the object identification codes instead of object nameswhen you specify a path name. Here are the precedi

How To Use the Get CommandUse the NCL Get command to display the value of MIB variables on therouter. You can obtain the pathname by using the List co

How To Use the Reset CommandUse NCL’s Reset command to set the value of one or more MIB variablesto zero. You can obtain the pathname by using the Lis

Accessing the InternetManagement Information BaseUse these commands to examine the MIB of any local or remotenetwork node that provides a standard SNM

Accessing a Remote ManagementInformation BaseUse these commands to examine the MIB of any remote network nodethat provides a standard SNMP/MIB impl

Accessing a Foreign ManagementInformation BaseUse these two commands in conjunction with the SNMP agent and theIP routing application to provide acces

Accessing Bridging and RoutingTablesThese NCL commands work with the SNMP agent and the IP routingapplication to provide access to application- specif

rgetdn [x.x.x.x] [community] Display the DECnet Level 1 routing table (node routes).rgeti [x.x.x.x] [community] Display the IP address table.rgetr [x.

Initializing the Router SoftwareWhen the router is installed with (or reset to) the factory default, itboots and begins operation with all networking

Managing the Open Shortest PathFirst ProtocolOSPF is an IP internal gateway routing protocol that has an openlyavailable protocol specification that i

Blocking and Unblocking SpanningTree Explorer FramesBecause the spanning tree does not operate automatically onsource-route bridging circuits, it is n

Controlling IP-Mapped Circuits forV.25 bisMapped data is IP data from an IP switched virtual circuit, which isconfigured by defining an IP static rout

Using TFTP To Transfer OperatingCode, Configuration, and NCLDisplayThe NCL Fget command and the workstation-generated TFTP Putcommand provide two ways

has parameters and thus includes a space, then enclose the com-mand string in double quotes.filename is the name of the configuration or operating cod

Using PC Modem Access toTransfer Configuration and NCLDisplayWith an IBM-compatible personal computer (PC host) connected to therouter’s console port,

How To Use Zput To Store the Configurationor NCL Command Output to a PC Host FileUse NCL’s Zput command to download the router configuration or NCLcom

Syntaxzput config filename [append][format] transfer routerconfigurationzput NCL-command filename[append][format]store display command outputwhere:fi

When the download is completed, a flashing “COMPLETED”message appears briefly in the status window. Then the windowcloses and control returns to the N

How To Use Zget To Load the Configuration toa RouterUse NCL’s Zget command to upload the router configuration previouslystored as a file on the PC con

Set PasswordsWhen your router is operating without passwords, anyone who hasaccess to your router through either the directly connected console orTeln

For information on Zget event messages, refer to the Zmodem eventmessages in the Operator’s Reference.Notes If the PC host does not respond within app

8How To Use Quick Remote ToConfigure A Remote Router

Introducing Quick RemoteQuick Remote is a component of SmartBoot that enables a central siteto manage a remote router without specially trained perso

What Can Quick Remote Configure?A Quick Remote configuration can include the following:A minimal IP or IPX configuration for the first WAN port and/or

Set-Up Requirements for Quick RemoteThe following is needed to enable Quick Remote operation:The central router on which you are going to create the Q

Quick Remote OperationQuick Remote maintains in the central router one or more minimalrouter configurations that are accessed through the router’s WAN

Similarly, you would make configuration B available to router Y byassigning configuration B to WAN port 2, which is linked to router Y. When remote

The Quick Remote Screen: Features andControlThe number of WAN ports appearing in the Quick Remote screencorrespond to the number of WAN ports in the r

To move horizontally or vertically from one field to another, use the [>],[<], [^], and [v] keys.To enter a value in a field, move the cursor to

Verifying the Router SoftwareVerifying the router software means to evaluate the performance of thebridging and routing services that have been config

How To Create and Save a QuickRemote ConfigurationThe main steps to creating and storing a configuration in Quick Remotefor use by an remote router ar

(The WAN ports listed will correspond to the central router’s WANports.) 4. Use the [v] key, if necessary, to move the cursor to the row for theport a

7. To configure IP for the first WAN port of a remote router:• Enter an IP address in the WAN DoD IP Address field.• Enter an IP subnet mask in the WA

• To create another minimal configuration on another WAN port inthe central router, use the cursor keys ([>], [<], [^], and [v]) tomove the curs

How to Delete a Quick RemoteAssignmentTo delete a Quick Remote Assignment:13. Move the cursor to the Auto Enab (Auto Enable) field for the WANport on

Operating NotesTFTP AccessTFTP access enables you to automatically configure a remote router toaccept a configuration file via TFTP PUT from a specifi

For further information, refer to ‘‘The Numeric Hotkeys’’ on page 3-13.SNMP Default SettingsIf the minimal configuration a remote router receives from

Index!! ... 7-8AAction prompt ... 4-11Add option ... 4-13Alarm ... 7-14Alert, configuration conflict ... 3-36ANSI ... 7-32AppleTalk Configuration ...

nonexistent ports ... 3-33preparation ... 3-3process ... 4-3removing non-existent ports ... 3-34saving ... 3-28, 3-31, 4-6TFTP ... 7-30 - 7-31transfer

Overview of the Console InterfaceThe console interface is your tool for configuring and booting the router,gathering data on router performance, and m

erasing ... 5-6exiting ... 5-4illustrated ... 5-5log status line ... 5-5navigation ... 5-2, 5-4object ... 5-2performance ... 5-2routine events ... 5-2

J–LJ2540 ... 1-2key ... 7-15LAPB ... 3-19lb ... 7-14lbmib ... 7-14Lines parameters, defined ... 4-9Link type ... 3-19, 3-27List ... 7-16 – 7-17Local D

page ... 7-8password ... 7-8ping ... 7-8print ... 7-8quick ... 7-8quickr ... 7-8repeat ... 7-8stamp ... 7-9starting ... 7-3 – 7-6stats ... 7-9summary

default parameters ... 3-27editing ... 3-12 – 3-14effect on Configuration Editor ... 1-9exiting ... 3-9exiting without saving ... 3-11fields ... 3-7He

rok ... 7-15Routine events, event log ... 5-2Routing services ... 4-10SSave and exit ... 3-22, 4-15Save and exit prompt ... 3-9Saving a configuration

Uunblockste ... 7-28unblockste all ... 7-28Unconfigured menu items ... 4-11Update, software ... 4-8Updatingstatistics screens ... 6-6Upgrade, software

©Copyright 1994Hewlett-Packard CompanyPrinted Singapore 7/94Manual Part Number5962-8304

Configuration Editor: Used to create and modify extensive configura-tions. (Refer to the next section and to chapter 4, ‘‘How To Use theConfiguration

Overview of Methods for Creatingor Modifying a ConfigurationThis section describes tools that you can use to access the configurationin any HP Series

Configuration Tools in the Main MenuQuick Configuration: (Main Menu item number 6) queries you onlyfor the configuration parameters most commonly requ

Network Management ToolsNetwork management tools provide another method of monitoring andconfiguring a router that is already installed in a network.

Hewlett-Packard Series 200, 400, and 600RoutersUser’s Guide

2How To Use the Main Menu

Introducing the Main MenuThe Main Menu is the highest level in the console interface, and providesoperator access to the router. It lists each of the

How To Access the Main MenuHow to connect a console to your router is described in the installationguide for your router. The console is then used t

If the Copyright and Password screen (figure 2-2) appears first, thena password has been set. Type in the password and press [Return] againto display

Selecting an Option in the MainMenuTo select (start) a Main menu option, press the number of that option.For example, to display the Network Control L

Getting Help in the Main MenuTo display Help for an item listed in the Main Menu, use the [^] or [v] keyto move the pointer to the item for which you

2. Press [Shift] [?] to display the Help information.Press [<] (or any character key) to exit from Help and return to the Mainmenu.This completes t

3How To Use Quick Configuration ToCreate or Change a MinimalConfiguration

Introducing Quick Configuration This chapter describes how to use the Quick Configuration utility tocreate a minimal configuration for IP, IPX, AppleT

© Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company 1994.All rights reserved.This document contains pro-prietary information, whichis protected by copyright. Nopart o

What are the basic steps to configuring a router?The basic steps to configuring the router for minimal operation are:1. Determine from your network ma

Sample IPconfigurations Dynamic helpdisplay Data entry field show-ing an entry in pro-gress for the IPaddress of the WAN- 2Figure 3-1. Quick Con

Quick Configuration also offers these other features:Displays dynamic online help for each fieldAutomatically configures default lines, circuits, and

How To Create a Configuration To create a new configuration:1. Start the Quick Configuration utility.2. Enter a minimal set of configuration values.3.

3. Start a Quick Configuration session. (Press [6].) When the ‘‘Welcome...’’ screen appears, press [Return]. The consolethen displays the Quick Confi

4. Type the system name and press [Return]. The new system name thenappears in the ‘‘System name’’ field and the cursor moves to the nextfield. • If

How to exit from Quick Configuration and reboot the router: Use this procedure if you want to save and implement any configurationchanges that you

2. Type y and press [Return]. You will then see the reboot prompt: 3. Type y again and press [Return] to reboot the router.While the router is reb

4. Press [Return] to return to the Main menu. (If a password has been pre-viously set, you will see the Copyright and Password screen--page 2-3, with

How To Use the ‘‘Hotkeys’’The ‘‘hotkeys’’ give you additional configuration editing controls, and arein two groups:Display control keys (numeric; 1 th

PrefaceWhy and When To Use This GuideThis guide describes how to use the Hewlett-Packard router commandsand features to configure, monitor, and manage

The Numeric HotkeysThese keys are the same for every cursor position in QuickConfiguration. They let you control display features or exit from QuickCo

The Alphabetical HotkeysThese keys vary, depending on which parameter in the QuickConfiguration screen is currently selected. They either change these

If you then type E (for ‘‘Edit other system parms’’), you will thensee the Configuration Editor screen associated with the ‘‘System name’’parameter:Fr

Since the Main Configuration menu is at the ‘‘top’’ of the ConfigurationEditor screen hierarchy, you can access any level of any branch of theConfigur

How To Configure for X.25The X.25 routing service is available on most HP routers. In the factorydefault, most of the X.25 parameters are set to defau

To Configure Minimal X.25 service: 1. Configure the desired WAN port in the Quick Configuration screen.For example, WAN port 1 in the next figure is

2. Type lapb in the ‘‘Port Conf’’ field and press [Return].) The circuittype then changes to PTOP (Point-to-Point).Link TypeCircuit TypeFigure 3-14.

3. Specify the X.25 circuit type—DDN, PDN, or PTOP (the default). (Ifyou don’t want PTOP, type ddn or pdn for the type of X.25 circuit,then press [Ret

Local DTE (X.121) addressFigure 3-15. Local X.121 Address for PDNIP addressRemote X.121address forPDNFigure 3-16. Remote IP and X.121 Addresses fo

4. Press the [Ctrl][C] key combination to display the ‘‘save and exit’’prompt: X.121 address for PTOPFigure 3-17. Local X.121 Address for Point-to-

OrganizationChapter 1, ‘‘Overview of Initializing and Verifying RouterSoftware’’, defines ‘‘initializing and verifying’’ a router, and introducesyou t

Save configuration and exit Quick Configuration(y/n?) 5. Type y and press [Return] to display the ‘‘reboot’’ promptReboot now (y/n?) 6. Type y (for ‘‘

X.25 circuit typeFigure 3-19. Highlight the X.25 Circuit TypeHow To Use Quick ConfigurationHow To Configure for X.253-24

2. Type / . You will then see the hotkey menu. For example, with anX.25 circuit type of PDN, you will see the following menu:The ‘‘L’’ and ‘‘R’’ optio

5. Type y and press [Return] to display the ‘‘Reboot now (y/n)?’’ promptReboot now (y/n?) 6. Type y (for ‘‘yes’’) and press [Return]. While the router

Operating NotesParameter ListQuick Configuration is set to the following default parameter values atthe factory and whenever you use the Reset/Clear b

Data EntryWhen you move the cursor from one field to another, the data entry fieldchanges to prompt you for the new data. When you type the new data,

When To Use the Configuration EditorHewlett-Packard recommends that in most configuring situations youuse Quick Configuration first. Then, if necessar

Troubleshooting a Quick ConfigurationIf the router fails to operate in your network after you have used theQuick Configuration utility, there are seve

The HP Router 650: How To Update theInterface Module Configuration AfterRemoving or Replacing a ModuleInterface modules in an HP 650 router can be ins

Removing a Previously Configured Interface ModuleRemoving a previously configured interface module and subsequentlystarting Quick Configuration result

Contents1. Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router SoftwareInitializing the Router Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

If the Ethernet interface module is removed and Quick Configuration issubsequently restarted, the labels for the ports on the removed modulewill be hi

To Use Quick Configuration To Delete the Non-Existent Portsfrom the Configuration: 1. Move the cursor to any row occupied by one of these ports. The H

4. Reboot the router by doing the following:5. Press the [Ctrl] [C] key combination.6. When you see the ‘‘save and exit’’ prompt:Save configuration an

Replacing One Type of Interface Module with Another TypeReplacing a previously configured interface module with anothermodule having a different set o

1. In the above case:a. If you don’t want to continue in Quick Configuration, type n andpress [Return] to return to the Main Menu.Note If you type n a

3. Continuing from the above example, the Quick Configuration screenwould show the WAN interface module moved to slot 4 and theEthernet interface modu

4How To Use the ConfigurationEditor To Create or Change aConfiguration

Introducing the ConfigurationEditorThe Configuration Editor accesses a hierarchy of menus and screensthat include any parameters you need for customiz

The Configuration Editor ProcessThe configuration process consists of four major steps, described below. Step 1: Define Global and Session Parameters

How To Enter the ConfigurationEditorYou can enter the Configuration Editor from either the Main Menu orfrom the Quick Configuration screen.To enter fr

4. How To Use the Configuration Editor To Create orChange a ConfigurationIntroducing the Configuration Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . .

When you start the Configuration Editor, the configuration menuappears:Note The actual configuration menu displayed on your console reflects theconfig

How To Exit From theConfiguration MenuIf you enter the Configuration Editor from the Main menu, dothe following to exit:1. Press [Return] as many time

If you enter the Configuration Editor from Quick Configuration,do one of the following to exit:To exit and reboot the router, refer to ‘‘How to exit f

How To Operate the ConfigurationEditorIn the Main menu (figure 1-1 on page 1-6), type 3 to select theConfiguration Editor and display the Configuratio

Configuration CategoriesThe configuration categories include the available routing applicationsand some general items. The number in parentheses to t

The remaining items (including some that are not available on allmodels) provide tools for adjusting application or network managementsoftware modules

Press [Return] to select the Yes option. The parameters you want toadd will then appear. Follow the prompts to enter the values for thedesired parame

Note The examples of default circuit names in figure 4-5, above, appear in HPSeries 200 and 400 routers. Default circuit names in HP Series 600 rout-e

You then have five actions from which to choose:• Previous Screen: To back up to the previous screen, choosePrevious Display by simply pressing [Retur

Entering or Changing Parameter Values inConfiguration ScreensThroughout the configuration screens, there are ‘‘type-in’’ and ‘‘select anoption’’ param

How To Use the Get Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20How To Use the Reset Command . . . . . . . . . . .

To exit from the Configuration Editor, return to the Configuration Menuscreen (figure 4-3). At the Enter selection prompt, press [Return]. At the op

5How To Use the Event Log ToAnalyze Router Operation

Introducing the Event LogThis chapter describes the event messages generated by the router andstored in the event log, how to access the event log fro

Entering and Navigating in theEvent Log DisplayYou can enter the event log in either of the following two ways:In the Main menu (figure 1-1 on page 1-

the event display in figure 5-1.) To display other portions of the log—preceding or following the currently visible portion—use the keysdescribed in t

each time a new line is received. The event log window contains 20 linesand can be positioned to any location in the log.The log status line at the bo

The line numbers appearing in the status line continue consecutively.However, as indicated earlier, the log never contains more than 1,000consecutive

6How To Use the Statistics Screens ToAnalyze Router Operation

Introducing the Statistics ScreensThis chapter describes how to use the statistics recorded by the routerduring network operation. It tells you how to

The functions of the statistics screens are to provide the following:Circuits Statistics: Provide summary data for each individual circuit,including h

How To Access the StatisticsScreen MenuWith the Main menu (figure 1-1) displayed, press [1] to display theStatistics Screen menu.Note The actual Stati

At the bottom of the Statistics Screens menu screen is the prompt:PRESS: ? for help, Down, Up, <- to exit, <RETURN> to selectYou can choose f

How To Manage the StatisticsScreensThe statistics displayed on any of the statistics screens are cumulativevalues gathered since the router last boote

7How To Use the Network ControlLanguage (NCL) Commands ToManage a Router

Introducing NCLThis chapter describes how to use the Network Control LanguageInterpreter (NCL). NCL is an easy-to-access command-line controlinterface

How To Start NCLFrom the Main menu, press [2] to display the NCL screen.Press [2] to start NCLFigure 7-1. Starting NCL from the Main MenuNCLCommands

The NCL command prompt, near the bottom of the screen, alwaysappears (followed by a colon) as the current system name of yourrouter, followed by a col

NCL Command OperationSome NCL commands like Ping (which tests your access to a specific IPaddress), require you to type an argument after the command.

More: Continuing the DisplayWhen more than twenty lines are required to display all data from anNCL command, you will see “—MORE—” at the bottom of th